Improvement of sciatic nerve regeneration by Electrospun Polycaprolactone Scaffold containing MesenchymalStem Cell Condition Medium

Functional recovery following peripheral nerve injury is mostly unsatisfactory. Researchers increasingly considerthe use of biological materials or synthetic materials such as scaffolds in the form of a nerve conduction channeland/or a bridge at the site of the nerve ending. On the other hand, studies have shown that the use of scaffoldsplays a vital role in the migration of glial cells, growth of neurites, and in increasing their survival andproliferation. The use of artificial scaffolds is increasing due to their ease of access, flexibility, and reasonableprices. This study examined Polycaprolactone Scaffold containing Mesenchymal Stem Cell Condition Medium inan axotomy rat model. ۲۴ male rats were divided into four groups: controls: healthy rats without any injuries,axotomy: rats with injured sciatic nerve without treatment, axotomy engrafted by PCL scaffold, and axotomy +MSC-CM-loaded scaffold. Walking pattern of animals was recorded to analyze the sciatic functional index andelectromyography activity of the gastrocnemius muscle. After ۱۲ weeks, sciatic nerve and dorsal root ganglionspecimens and L۴ and L۵ spinal cord segments were separated from the rats for stereological studies,immunohistochemistry, and RT-PCR analysis. The animals of the axotomy group presented the expected grosslocomotor deficit. Stereological parameters, immunohistochemistry of GFAP, and gene expression of S۱۰۰, NGF,and BDNF were significantly enhanced in the CM-loaded scaffold group compared with the axotomy group. Themost observed similarity was noted between the results of the control group and the CM-loaded scaffold group.This study support the potential applicability of MSC-CM-loaded PCL nanofibrous scaffold to treat peripheralnerve injuries.