Low-Level Quantification of Cefdinir and Cefixime in Human Plasma Using Ultrasound-and Magnetic-Assisted Dispersive Micro-Solid-Phase Extraction (MSPE) Based upon Carbon Quantum Dots (CQDs) Combined with High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)

A promising and reusable nanohybrid based on carbon quantum dots (CQD) was fabricated as a sorbent for ultrasound- and magnetic-assisted dispersive micro-solid-phase extraction(US-M-A-DMSPE) followed by high-performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection (HPLC-UV) for simultaneous trace determination of cephalosporins (Cefdinir & Cefixime) in human plasma. The structure of the prepared sorbent was characterized by x-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Under the optimized conditions, the nanosorbent provided high adsorption and selectivity toward the analytes. The limits of detection and the coefficients of determination (r۲) with dynamic ranges for cefdinir & cefixime were estimated. The method was used for quantifying cefdinir & cefixime in plasma samples to evaluate the pharmacokinetic aspects,including the half-life (T۱/۲), the time to reach the maximum concentration (Tmax), the maximum plasma concentration (Cmax), area under the curve (AUC۰-۲۴) and area under the curve at infinite time (AUC۰-∞). Reliable reproducibility as the intra- assay and inter-assay together with reasonable accuracy were obtained.