The Role of Circular RNAs in the Developmentand Progression of Cervical Cancer: A Review of RecentStudies

Background and Aim: Cervical cancer is the fourth leadingcause of death among women.Early diagnosis of this diseasecan prevent progression and reduce mortality.CircularRNAs(circRNAs)are a novel class of non-coding RNAs characterizedby their covalently closed loop.CircRNAs are presentin tissues and body fluids and can be measured,making them anessential factor in the regulation of cancer.Materials and Methods: This research investigated severalstudies that contributed to the role of circRNAs in the developmentand progression of cervical cancer,as well as their prognosticand diagnostic potential in cervical cancer patients.In moststudies,RNA was extracted from the prepared samples,cDNAwas synthesized,and real-time PCR was performed to analyzethe expression level of samples with cervical cancer comparedto control samples.Results: All circRNAs examined showed increased expressionin cervical cancer cells compared to normal cells.For example,hsa-circ-۰۰۶۷۹۳۴,hsa-circ-۰۰۰۷۵۳۴, has-circ-۰۰۰۷۵۳۴,has-circ۰۰۰۱۰۳۸,and hsacirc۰۰۰۱۴۹۵ were significantlyincreased in cervical cancer cells.Many circRNAs playa role in cancer progression, proliferation and invasion and bysponging microRNAs,they contribute to cancer development.For instance,circATP۸A۲ sponges miR۴۳۳/EGFR,circ۰۰۰۵۵۷۶sponges miR-۷۵۳-۳P,hsacirc۰۰۰۱۴۹۵ sponges miR-۵۲۶b-۳p,hsa-circ۰۰۱۱۳۸۵, hsacirc۰۰۷۵۳۱۱,circAKT۱,AGFG۱ andcircSLC۲۶A۴.CircAKT۱ sponges miR۴۴۲۵P and contributesto angiogenesis.CircAGFG۱ contributes to tumor progressionby recruiting EZH۲ to the promoter of tumor suppressor P۵۳and inhibiting its expression,correlating with poor prognosis inpatients.Conclusion: Researchers have demonstrated that abnormal expressionand regulation of circRNAs participate in tumor cell proliferation,apoptosis,invasion and downstream signaling pathwayactivation or repression,indicating that circRNAs have thepotential to serve as novel diagnostic and prognostic markersin cancer.There is growing evidence showing that circRNAsare deregulated in cancer and contribute to the regulation ofoncogenic processes.Thus,circRNAs might be considered asrelevant therapeutic targets in cancer.Thus, several strategies could be developed to reduce this prooncogenicactivity,including the development of specific targetsite blockers.The singularity of circRNA regulatory functionsoffers various opportunities to regulate their action during tumorprogression and to develop innovative therapeutic strategies.This knowledge could pave the way for circRNA-mediatedmolecular therapies and clinically relevant biomarkers in cervicalcancer.

کلیدواژه ها:

Cervical cancer ، diagnostic ، prognosis ، biomarker