Biological control of Fusarium basal rot of onion using Trichoderma harzianum and Glomus mosseae

Fusarium proliferatum, as a toxigenic fungus, is one of the important agents of onion basal rot (FBR). Among the control methods of the disease, biological control is considered as one of the best options. In this study, Trichoderma harzianum strain T۱۰۰ at the rate of ۱ × ۱۰۶ cfu/g was mixed with pot soil artificially infested with F. proliferatum. Also Glomus mosseae was applied to each pot at the rate of three grams of soil containing ۸۰ chlamydospores/ml. Combination of T۱۰۰ and G. mosseae was used as well. Onion seeds were disinfected & planted in pots, arranged in completely randomized design in ۴ replicates under greenhouse condition and finally, the individual or combined effects of these bioagents were assessed on FBR control and also root colonization by Glomus ۲۳, ۳۰ and ۳۶ days after sowing. Inoculation of Arbuscular mycorrhizae improved onion growth effectively, but its biocontrol effect was not considerable. Trichoderma amended soil decreased disease incidence by ۲۵% but its usefulness as biocontrol agent was reduced in the course of time. AM root colonization was decreased in plants in presence of Trichoderma. Nevertheless, the disease control in combination of Trichoderma and Glomus treatment was better than the treatments by each one of the agents singly. The disease control achieved by fungicide seed treatment was inferior to that of Trichoderma and Glomus in combination.

کلیدواژه ها:

Biocontrol ، Fusarium proliferatum ، red onion ، Trichoderma harzianum ، Glomus mosseae