A complete study and investigation of the consequences of Covid-۱۹ on the city and future urban development

Coronavirus disease ۲۰۱۹ (COVID-۱۹) is a contagious disease caused by the virus severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus ۲ (SARS-CoV-۲). The first known case was identified in Wuhan, China, in December ۲۰۱۹. The disease quickly spread worldwide, resulting in the COVID-۱۹ pandemic. The symptoms of COVID‑۱۹ are variable but often include fever, cough, headache, fatigue, breathing difficulties, loss of smell, and loss of taste. Symptoms may begin one to fourteen days after exposure to the virus. At least a third of people who are infected do not develop noticeable symptoms. Of those who develop symptoms noticeable enough to be classified as patients, most (۸۱%) develop mild to moderate symptoms (up to mild pneumonia), while ۱۴% develop severe symptoms (dyspnea, hypoxia, or more than ۵۰% lung involvement on imaging), and ۵% develop critical symptoms (respiratory failure, shock, or multiorgan dysfunction). Older people are at a higher risk of developing severe symptoms. Some people continue to experience a range of effects (long COVID) for years after infection, and damage to organs has been observed. Multi-year studies are underway to further investigate the long-term effects of the disease. COVID‑۱۹ transmits when infectious particles are breathed in or come into contact with the eyes, nose, or mouth. The new coronavirus (۲۰۱۹) or ۲۰۱۹-nCoV is a virus that causes respiratory illness in humans and can spread from person to person. The virus was first identified during an outbreak in Wuhan, China. Pandemics have shaped the way cities are planned and configured. Throughout history, cities have evolved to solve problems of sanitation, hygiene, and health access while providing space and opportunities for the urban dwellers. COVID-۱۹ will have significant implications in the way cities are planned. This recent crisis highlights a number of issues. This paper looks at the context for the pandemic and then reviews studies and debates in four areas: transformations in the configuration of public spaces, transportation, urban connectivities, and urban economies. This pandemic, like other similar episodes in the past, is forcing us to rethink the nature of urban space and may be an opportunity to plan for safer, more sustainable cities.

کلیدواژه ها:

COVID-۱۹ ، Smart cities ، Environmental factors ، Air quality ، Urban planning ، Pandemics