Applications and capabilities of Augmented Reality in surgery: a systematic review

Background: Through the use of Virtual Reality and Computer assisted guiding systems, surgeonscan improve surgery, but they need to build a mental relationship between a virtual image representingtheir patient, and the real patient. This image-guided surgery is easier with augmentedreality, the virtual information being superimposed onto the real view of the patient. But thisguidance remains limited to gesture precision and accuracy of surgeons. Augmented Reality hasprovided surgeons with extensive visual information of surgical anatomy to assist them duringsurgery. Although setups based on augmented reality have been used for various neurosurgicalpathologies. he success of this technology has been proven in surgeries, more studies are neededto clarify its potential, especially in developing countries. Therefore, this study was conductedwith the aim of investigating the applications and capabilities of Augmented Reality in surgeryin ۲۰۲۲.Methods: This study was conducted according to PRISMA guidelines. PubMed, Scopus and ScienceDirect databases were searched to identify English-language studies relevant to the researchobjective. Included studies were assessed for quality and risk of bias using CASP criteria by twoauthors. Then they were used after separation, review and final approval.Results: Of ۶۳۰۰ retrieved articles, ۱۳ of them were selected. Augmented Reality has been usedmostly in neurosurgery, but it has been used for orthopedic, urology, gastroenterology, vertebra,biopsy, breast cancer, skull, The ۳D modeling of patients from their CT-scan or MRI, maxillofacialand plastic surgeries. Visualization of tumor location, training of surgeons, reduction ofexposure to ionizing radiation and nerve navigation were among its capabilities.Conclusion: Augmented Reality shows promising capabilities in surgeries, but these simulationsystems remain in their early stages and few prospective RCTs are available. In recording thedifferent ways in which the Medtronic, PACS and IBIS systems were used, we saw the shortcomingsof traditional neuronavigation systems and a benefit of using AR. By bringing together intoone view pre-operative patient information and the intra-operative field of view, it can aid in thelocalization of pertinent anatomy and planning of surgical resections. Due to the rapid growth ofthis technology, more studies are needed to reveal its capabilities. Overall, with the further developmentof robust visualization techniques and rigorous evaluation of their usefulness in the OR,AR should become regularly used in the OR.

کلیدواژه ها:

Augmented Reality ، Mixed Reality ، surgery ، augmented reality assisted surgery ، image-guided surgery