The effect of tobacco on male infertility

Background: Infertility is a common condition that affects ۹% of couples in the world. Accordingto Word Health Organization, ۵۰% ۰f these problems are related to male factors. Male fertility hasdeclined over recent decades. Male infertility has various causes including smoking, alcohol,stress, endocrine disorders, etc. about ۳۶.۹% of men around the world use tobacco. According tothe adverse effects of tobacco smoking on male infertility, the purpose of this study is to reviewthe effect of tobacco on male infertility.Methods: In this review study, the keywords 'male infertility', 'tobacco', 'smoking', 'reproductivehealth', 'nicotine' were searched through Pub-Med, Google scholar, Scopus, SID databases and Themost relevant articles published from ۲۰۱۵ were investigated. The search results included ۵۳articles, the results of which were derived from ۳۱ related studies that had full text.Results: review of studies showed that smoking reduces sperm concentration and quality in semenanalysis. The compounds of tobacco can pass through the blood-testis barrier and cause variousdamages to the germ cells. tobacco use impacts on hypothalamic function leading to pituitary andgonadal dysfunction along with impairment of reproduction. Genetic changes caused by tobaccosmoking can directly reduced sperm function and reduced fertility. smoking cessation may reducethe probability of failing ART. the results of the studies were contradictory in relation to spermmotility, sperm vitality and its morphology.Conclusion: due to adverse effects of smoking, therefore appropriate modification of lifestylepractices including smoking cessation is suggested and recommended in the management of maleinfertility.

کلیدواژه ها:

Tobacco ، Infertility ، Smoking ، Reproductive Health ، Nicotine.