The effect of ۶-months fruit-rich diet on liver steatosis, liver enzymes, insulin resistance, and lipid profile in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a randomized clinical trial

Despite various recommended dietary approaches to improve the Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD), the effect of fruits is not clear. In addition, observational studies reported conflicting results. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of fruit rich diet (FRD) on liver steatosis, liver enzymes, Insulin resistance, and lipid profile in patients with NAFLD. Eighty adults with a diagnosed NAFLD participated in this randomized controlled trial. .Subjects were randomly assigned to the FRD group with consumption of at least ۴ servings/day or the control group with consumption of less than ۲ servings/day. The grade of steatosis, serum levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT), lipid profile, fasting blood sugar (FBS), and insulin resistance were evaluated at the baseline and at the end of the study. The mean daily intake of fruits during the study was ۶.۹۶±۰.۶۱ and ۱.۶۵±۰.۱۷ servings in the FRD and control groups, respectively. After ۶ months of intervention, there was a significant increase in BMI (P<۰.۰۰۱), the grade of steatosis (P<۰.۰۰۱), liver enzymes (P<۰.۰۰۱), dyslipidemia (P<۰.۰۰۱), FBS (P<۰.۰۰۱), and insulin resistance (P<۰.۰۰۱) in the FRD group. In contrast, an improvement was observed in BMI (P<۰.۰۰۱), steatosis (P<۰.۰۰۱), lipid profile (P<۰.۰۵), and insulin resistance (P<۰.۰۰۱) in the control group. Adjusting for the effect of change in energy and other food groups intake, and BMI did not alter the findings of the study. The present study showed that consumption of fruits more than ۴ servings/day exacerbates steatosis, dyslipidemia, and glycemic control in NAFLD patients.

کلیدواژه ها:

non-alcoholic fatty liver disease ، fruit ، steatosis