Report of a case of Cannabis poisoning in a one-year-old child

Introduction :Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) is the main ingredient of Hashish, Marijuana, or Cannabis, which is usually smoked. Following the consumption of Cannabis (Hashish), its euphoric effects appear within a few minutes, reach their peak after ۳۰ minutes and remain for ۲ to ۴ hours, but the cognitive effects may last up to ۱۲ hours. Dependence on Cannabis is psychological, not Physical.Purpose:The aim of this study was to report a case of Cannabis poisoning in a one-year-old child.Patient introduction:The patient is a one-year-old infant boy who, according to his companions, went to the emergency room due to the consumption of an unknown amount of Hashish in the last ۳ hours with a decreased level of consciousness, weakness and lethargy. The patient's vital signs included BP=۷۰/۱۱۰, HR=۱۲۸, RR=۲۶ and T=۳۶.۶. Drowsiness gradually worsened and despite receiving ۵ naloxone ampoules, the patient's general condition did not change significantly. The patient gave a brief response to the painful stimuli and was advised to be hospitalized and transferred to the ICU. The tests of Na, K, PT, PTT, ALT, AST, Alp, Pho, BS, Ca, BUN, Cr, ESR, VBG and also the measurement of THC in urine were requested for the patient. The patient was placed under cardiac monitoring (HR=۱۳۸) and O۲ therapy with a mask at the rate of ۴-۶ liters per minute. The results of the patient's tests were as follows: BS=۱۱۰, BUN=۱۲, Cr=۰.۵, Ca=۹.۸, ALT=۱۹, AST=۳۹, ALP=۷۷۶, PT=۱۲, PTT=۲۶, Pho=۵.۷, Na= ۱۳۶, K=۵, ESR=۱۱, PH=۷.۳۳, Pco۲=۵۲.۹, Po۲=۵۲.۸, Hco۳=۲۷.۷, So۲=۸۴.۴. After one hour of hospitalization in the ICU, the patient responded to stimulation and became fully conscious after two hours. The patient was discharged the next day and the patient was given the necessary training related to the risk symptoms of diarrhea, vomiting, decreased level of consciousness, restlessness, trembling of the limbs, shortness of breath and cyanosis of the face and limbs.Discussion and conclusion:Cannabis poisoning usually does not require treatment. Anti-anxiety drugs are used to control anxiety, and anti-psychotic drugs are used to treat hallucinations and delusions.

کلیدواژه ها:

Poisoning ، Cannabis ، Child