Severity associated with COPD and Smoking history in patients with COVID-۱۹: A systematic review

Background: Coronavirus disease ۲۰۱۹ (COVID-۱۹) is an evolving infectious disease that dramatically spread all over the world in the early part of ۲۰۲۰. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a major cause of physical disability and morbidity and over ۱۷۴ million people suffer from COPD over the world. We conducted this review to explore the impact of underlying respiratory illness and smoking history on the severity of COVID-۱۹ manifestations. Method: This research is a systematic review study done in ۲۰۲۱.The keywords COVID-۱۹, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, Smoking history searched on Pubmed,Scopus,Embase,Medline,Web of Science without time limitation. Also,the sources of articles were examined to ensure the completion of search results. Findings: After search and analysis, finally ۱۱ full text articles selected. A large case series reporting the clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with COVID-۱۹ from China have reported a higher prevalence of COPD in patients with severe presentation and worse outcomes. The same case series also reported a higher prevalence of active smokers in severe COVID-۱۹. Compared to former and never smokers, current smokers were at greater risk of severe complications and higher mortality rate. COVID-۱۹ infection was associated with substantial severity and mortality rates in COPD and pre-existing COPD is significantly associated with mechanical ventilation, requirement ICU or death and Once infected with SARS-CoV-۲ pneumonia, lung function in COPD patients can deteriorate rapidly leading to respiratory failure. Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are highly susceptible from respiratory exacerbations from viral respiratory tract infections. Conclusion: Based on studies result, individuals with COPD and smoking history are at increased risk for severe COVID-۱۹ outcomes. These findings highlight the importance of strict control of COVID-۱۹ spread and an urgent need for mitigation strategies in patients with pre-existing COPD. It is well-known that cessation of smoking improves pulmonary function.And these patients should thus be considered a high-risk group, and targeted for preventative measures and aggressive treatment for COVID-۱۹ including vaccination

کلیدواژه ها:

COVID-۱۹ ، Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ، Smoking history