Comparing the Effects of Play Therapy and Selected Sports Exercises on Self-Confidence, Physical Self-Efficacy and Mental Toughness in Children

Background: The present research aimed at comparing the effect of play therapy and selected sports exercises on self-confidence, physical self-efficacy and mental toughness in children.Methods: This study followed a semi-experimental design. The statistical population included children aged ۹ to ۱۱ years. The participants included ۶۰ children divided into one control (group ۱) two experimental groups (groups ۲, and ۳), each comprising ۲۰ individuals. Group ۲ was under the training of play therapy and group ۳ enjoyed selected sports exercises. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was used for analyzing the data.Results and Conclusion: It was found that there is a significant difference between the three groups in the average self-confidence, mental toughness, and physical self-efficacy. The influence of selected sports exercises on self-confidence, mental toughness and physical self-efficacy of children was revealed to be more than that of play therapy.

کلیدواژه ها:

self-confidence ، mental stubbornness ، physical self-efficacy