Biotransducer-conjugated nobel metal nanomaterials asnanobiosensors for pathogenic organisms

Background and Aim : Pathogenic organisms are a threat to public health, so their quick andtimely diagnosis increases the quality of treatment and public health. Noble metal nanomaterials(NMNs) due to their unique physicochemical properties, high surface area, diverse shapes, size,and composition-dependent features such as surface plasmon resonance and quantum confinementtake part in the designing of biosensing nanoplatforms with high sensitivity and performance.NMNs are conjugated with biotransducers (like the DNA, enzymes, antibodies, aptamers, etc) andgenerate nanobiosensors that possess signal amplifying ability, high specificity, and lowconcentration-diagnosis ability of biomarkers. According to the physicochemical features ofNMNs, biosensing of approaches of NMNs are including localized surface plasmon resonance(LSPR), fluorescence enhancement/quenching, surface-enhanced Ramman spectroscopy (SERS),chemical activity, etc. This review examines biosensors based on biotransducers conjugated toNMNs for biosensing of pathogenic organisms.Methods : In order to select the articles, the papers of the years ۲۰۱۰-۲۰۲۲ were examined in theGoogle Scholar, PubMed, and Scopus databases with the keywords of metal nanoparticles,biosensors, transducers, and biomolecules. And information extraction from basic studies has beendone. The keywords were selected by the MeSH browser.Results : Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs)-conjugated polyclonal antibodies are effective for rapid andsensitive sensing of Escherichia coli. Silver nanoclusters(AgNCs) and cystine-rich signal probeDNA conjugated with AuNPs as electrochemical DNA biosensors showed enhanced selectivityand proper stability for sensitive determination of Salmonella. Anti-RSV polyclonal antibodyconjugated to metallic nanoparticles (Cu, Ag, and Au) as LSPR-based biosensors, especiallyfunctionalized copper (Cu) nanoparticles, have high specificity for the diagnosis of Respiratorysyncytial virus (RSV).Conclusion : Biotransducer-conjugated NMNs can act as nanobiohybrides platforms for highsensitive detection of pathogenic organisms with high specificity and selectivity.

کلیدواژه ها:

Metal nanoparticles ، Biosensors ، Transducers ، Biomolecules