The FGF/FGFR System and EGFR in Breast Cancer:signaling targeted therapies

Breast cancer is the second leading cause of cancer death in women. Morethan ۱.۵ million women worldwide (۲۵% of all women with cancer) arediagnosed with breast cancer every year. The development of breast canceris a multi-stage process that involves different types of cells and itsprevention is still a challenge in the world. In the recent decade, many genesassociated with breast cancer are found. Abnormal mutations andamplifications of both oncogenes and anti-gens play a key role in the stagesof tumor onset and progression. EGFR, also known as Her۱ in humans, is acell surface glycoprotein from the tyrosine kinase family. The downstreamEGFR signaling pathways, including PI۳K, Ras-Raf-MAPK, are developedto promote cell proliferation, cell invasion, angiogenesis, and protect cellsagainst apoptosis. EGFR overexpression is found in more than ۳۰ cases ofinflammatory breast cancer (IBC). Therefore, Targeting the EGFR pathwaymay be a promising treatment for these malignant tumors. FGFs and theirreceptors (FGFRs) are involved in various physiological processes and alsoplay a key role in the proliferation, survival, differentiation, migration, andapoptosis of cancer cells. The FGF / FGFR system represents an emergingand targeted treatment pathway that is fully explored among the variousanti-cancer settings in breast cancer. FGFR and EGFR inhibitors arepromising tools that need more research to identify sensitive tumors. Thesestudies show that targeting FGFR and EGFR with other targeted therapiescan inhibit the progression of breast cancer.

کلیدواژه ها:

breast cancer ، FGF/FGFR system ، EGFR ، targeted therapies