MAJOR DIETARY PATTERNS IN IRANIAN ADOLESCENTS: ISFAHAN HEALTHY HEART PROGRAM, IRAN

BACKGROUND: Limited information exists from the dietary pattern of children and adolescents particularly in developing countries. We aimed to detect major dietary patterns and their association with socio-demographic characteristics of Iranian adolescents. METHODS: Healthy Heart Promotion from Childhood as one of the “Isfahan Healthy Heart Program”, Iran, projects was conducted in adolescents aged ۱۱-۱۸ years in Isfahan, Najafabad, and Arak districts, Iran, selected randomly by multistage sampling. This survey was conducted on ۱۹۹۲ adolescents in ۲۰۰۷. Dietary intake was assessed using a ۵۰-item food frequency questionnaire in both communities. RESULTS: Four major dietary patterns labeled “prudent diet,” fast food diet,” “animal fat diet,” and “Mediterranean diet” were identified. We found a significant inverse relationship between prudent and animal fat dietary patterns with age, prudent and Mediterranean dietary patterns with being boy. However, a positive relationship between fast food dietary pattern and age; fast food and animal fat dietary patterns with being boy were detected (all P < ۰.۰۵). While urbanization and TV watching correlated positively with the fast food diet, an inverse relationship between urbanization and animal fat and Mediterranean dietary patterns were found (all P < ۰.۰۱). The animal fat and fast food dietary patterns inversely associated with nutrition knowledge; however, Mediterranean diet had a positive relationship with it (all P < ۰.۰۵). Membership in sport team was positively related to all dietary pattern and regular physical activity associated only with prudent diet (all P < ۰.۰۵). CONCLUSION: The study suggests that socio-demographic characteristics and physical activity are related to dietary patterns in Iranian adolescents

کلیدواژه ها:

Diet ، Adolescent ، Socio Demographic Factors