Biochemical Characteristics and Antibiotics Susceptibility of Streptococcus Mutans Isolates from Dental Caries in Baghdad City

Background: Genus Streptococcus comprises important pathogens that have a severe impact on human health. According to the classification in Bergey's Manual of Determinative Bacteriology, the genus Streptococcus includes the pyogenic, oral and anaerobic groups of streptococci, as well as a group of other streptococci. S. mutans is a Gram-positive bacterium, which plays a key role in the formation of the dental plaque biofilm as an early coloniser and is the most important bacterium in the formation of dental caries. S. mutans do not have flagella, but do have pili and are non-motile facultative anaerobes that grow optimally at ۳۷ °C.  Methods: Eighty samples were collected from patients with different dental caries (pit, fissure and dental roots). The patients had referred to Al-dora Health center and Al-Zewiya Health center in Baghdad city. Bacterial isolates obtained from dental caries samples were streaked on selective medium (Mitis Salivaris Agar) for isolation of S. mutans, then the plates were incubated at ۳۷ °C for ۴۸ hours under anaerobic conditions. Bacterial isolates were identified according to their morphological and cultural characteristics and biochemical tests. The disk diffusion method was used to test the antibiotic susceptibility of the selected isolate to different antibiotics. A sterile cotton swab was dipped in fresh culture of S. mutans and streaked on the surface of Muller-Hinton agar plates by rotating the plate approximately ۶۰ between streaking to ensure even distribution. The inoculated plates were incubated at room temperature for ۱۰ minutes to allow absorption of excess moisture, then antibiotic disks were fixed by sterile forceps on the surface of plates and incubated at ۳۷ °C for ۱۸ hrs.Results: Totally, ۹۸ bacterial isolates were obtained. The results indicated that antibiotic susceptibility pattern of the locally isolated S. mutans S۲ was resistant to two antibiotics (bacitracin and erythromycin), while it was sensitive to the other eight antibiotics, consisting amoxicillin, ampicillin, chloramphenicol, vancomycin, clindamycin, imipenem, gentamycin and cephalothin.Conclusion: Locally isolated S. mutans S۲ was sensitive to different antibiotics, while it resisted only against bacitracin and erythromycin.

کلیدواژه ها:

Biochemical ، Antibiotic ، susceptibility ، Streptococcus mutans ، Dental caries