The Effect of Microwave Pretreatment on the Extraction Rate of Flavonoid, Anthocyanins, Antioxidant Compounds and Antimicrobial Activity of Punica Granatum Var. Pleniflora (Persian Golnar)

Microwave energy is non-ionizing radiation that causes the molecule to move and is a good way to extract compounds from plant extracts. This study aimed to investigate the effect of three independent variables including solvent type (water and methanol ۸۰%), time (۳, ۶, and ۹ minutes), and microwave power (۱۰۰, ۲۰۰, and ۳۰۰ watts) on the flavonoids, anthocyanins, antioxidant properties (IC۵۰) of the Persian Golnar plant or Punica granatum var. pleniflora (PGP) extract. According to results, simultaneous optimization of extraction conditions with ۹۵.۶۰۹% desirability in ۳۰۰-watt microwave power, ۹ minutes, and use of methanol solvent the flavonoid content was ۵.۷۵۹۷ mg­/g, anthocyanin content was ۴.۷۹۸۳ µmol/g, and IC۵۰ value was ۶.۵۰۶۳ mg/ml. The highest average of minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum Bactericidal concentration of PGP extract were ۱۲۵۰ and ۵۰۰۰ µg/ml, respectively against Clostridium perfringens and Escherichia coli, and the better antimicrobial effect was against Staphylococcus aureus with the highest diameter of zone of inhibition (۱۱ mm) compared to Escherichia and Clostridium perfringens. According to the results of this study, microwave pretreatment with optimized conditions can be used to extract significant amounts of phenolic and antimicrobial compounds of PGP extract as a rich source of antioxidants with minimal damage to its effective compounds.

کلیدواژه ها:

Anthocyanin ، Antioxidant ، Flavonoid ، Microwave ، Punica granatum var. pleniflora