Translation, cultural adaptation, and validation of the Caregiver Well-being Scale (CWBS) in Iranian Caregivers of Schizophrenia Patients: A methodological and cross-sectional study

Background and Objective: Family caregivers of individuals with schizophrenia experience various stresses in their everyday lives, negatively impacting their well-being. The Caregiver Well-Being Scale (CWBS) is an instrument with appropriate psychometric properties, which identifies many vital factors associated with caregiving stressors and provides a picture of overall well-being. Since there is no Persian version of this instrument for investigating schizophrenia patients’ caregivers’ well-being, cross-cultural adaptation, and evaluation of the psychometric properties of the CWBS among Iranian caregivers of schizophrenia patients is required. Materials and Methods: This methodological, cross-sectional study was conducted on ۱۴۴ schizophrenia patients’ caregivers in the psychiatric centers affiliated to Shiraz University of Medical Sciences (SUMS) in the south of Iran. The Persian version of the CWBS was generated in two phases: ۱- cross-cultural adaptation using forward/backward translation in five stages and ۲- assessment of psychometric properties involving the evaluation of content validity, construct validity, and reliability.Results: The translation, cross-cultural adaptation, and qualitative content validity assessment resulted in some semantic modifications in the original version of the CWBS. Factor analysis with the principal component analysis and oblique rotation method provided evidence that the Persian version encompassed three underlying constructs for activities of daily living and basic human needs, similar to the original version. Furthermore, the CWBS showed acceptable internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha: ۰.۸۴, item-total correlation: ۰.۵۶) and satisfactory test-retest reliability with a ۲.۵-week interval. Intra-class correlation coefficient was also ۰.۸۷ (۹۵% confidence interval, ۰.۸۲-۰.۹۰) for ۱۴ items.Conclusions: The results indicated that the Persian version of CWBS complies with the validity and reliability of the criteria required. Thus, the scale can be employed in practice and research to assess well-being among Iranian caregivers of individuals with schizophrenia.

کلیدواژه ها:

Caregivers ، CWBS ، Psychometrics ، Schizophrenia ، Validation ، well-being