Prevalence of coronary artery disease risk factors in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass surgery in WestAzerbaijan province

Background and aims: Coronary artery disease (CAD) is one of the main causes of death worldwide and coronary artery bypass grafting(CABG) surgery accounts for ۱.۴% of all operating room procedures. Considering the importance of the above-mentioned issue, the presentstudy aimed to assess CAD risk factors in CABG patients to provide more accurate information for health authorities.Methods: To this end, data of all patients with isolated primary on-pump CABG were collected from March ۲۰۱۴ to March ۲۰۱۶. The majorrisk factors of CAD were recorded as a history of cigarette smoking, dyslipidemia, hypertension, diabetes mellitus (DM), advanced age, afamily history of CAD, obesity, and male gender. Statistical analyses were performed by SPSS using a t test, as well as the chi-square andFisher exact tests, and the P value less than ۰.۰۵ was considered statistically significant.Results: During a ۲۴-month period, ۸۹۵ patients underwent isolated primary on-pump CABG in the only open-heart surgery center in theWest Azerbaijan province of Iran. The mean age of the patients was ۶۰.۴±۱۰.۳ years (within the range of ۴۰ to ۹۳ years). In addition, mostof the patients amounting to ۵۲۵ cases (۵۸.۷%) were in the age group of ۵۵-۷۰ years and had two or more risk factors. Further, ۹۸.۸%of males (age ≥۴۵) and ۶۸.۲% of females (age ≥ ۵۵) were old, and ۷۳.۳% and ۲۶.۷% of the patients were men and women, respectively.Furthermore, risk factors such as hypertension, cigarette-smoking, DM, hyperlipidemia, obesity, and family history were observed in۵۳.۳%, ۴۷.۹%, ۳۷.۸%, ۲۸.۵%, ۶۱.۱%, and ۱۹.۳% of the patients, respectively. As regards gender, the prevalence of coronary risk factorslike hypertension (۶۰.۷ vs. ۵۰.۶%, P = ۰.۰۰۵), DM (۵۱.۹ vs. ۳۲.۶%, P = ۰.۰۰۱), hypercholesterolemia (۴۳.۵ vs. ۲۳%, P = ۰.۰۰۱), and obesity(۶۸.۲ vs. ۵۸.۵%, P = ۰.۰۰۵) were higher in women but other factors such as smoking (۱۹.۲ vs. ۵۸.۴%, P = ۰.۰۰۱) and positive family history(۱۴.۶ vs. ۲۱%, P = ۰.۰۱) were higher in men.Conclusion: Overall, the prevalence of most risk factors was more common among under ۵۵-year group, especially in women, and this isa warning for increasing CADs in the future.

کلیدواژه ها:

Coronary artery disease ، Coronary artery bypass graft ، Risk factors