Evaluation of Phenolic components of Capparis spinosa species in Iran

Capparis spinosa (Capparaceae) is effective in treating a wide range of diseases (Arena et al., ۲۰۰۸, Lam et al., ۲۰۰۹). This plant, which its fruits and buds are of edible and medicinal importance, is used in the treatment of hyperlipidemia and blood sugar, gastrointestinal infections, diarrhea, etc (Gadgoli & Mishra, ۱۹۹۹; Ahvazi et al., ۲۰۱۲). Numerous medicinal effects have been mentioned for it in the Mediterranean countries (Fici, ۲۰۰۱; Özcan, ۲۰۰۵). The bud, flower and fruit parts and its roots are used. In this study, phenolic compounds in three varieties of this plant as Capparis spinosa var. macranthera, C. spinosa var parviflora and C. spinosa var spinosa are compared. Samples were gathered from natural habitats and extracted. Studying by HPLC showed that in these three varieties there are cinnamic acid, ۴-hydroxy-cinnamic acid, ۴-chlorobenzoic acid and ۴-hydroxybenzoic acid and coumaric acid in different amounts. These compounds are valuable in food flavoring and are used in the pharmaceutical and perfume industries. Cinnamic acid is a natural fatty acid that has been shown to play a known role in stopping malignancy of cancer cells in humans, especially lung and prostate cancer. Coumaric acid is also a phenolic compound. ۴-Hydroxybenzoic acid that is present in this medicinal plant is a famous antioxidant with low toxicity. It has estrogenic activity. This xerophytic plant, that can tolerate low level of available water and different types of soils, has a reserve of valuable materials that in Iran's climatic conditions, its cultivation and reproduction provide a good opportunity for sustainable use of drugs.

کلیدواژه ها:

Capparis spinosa ، Phenolic compounds ، Iran.