Investigation of the presence of flavonoids in fungal endophytes associated with Capparis spinosa L. by HPLC method

Endophytic fungi are defined as fungi that spend their whole or a part of their lifecycles within plants without causing overt disease symptoms, even though during senescence of their host plants or during severe stress conditions endophytes may also turn parasitic. Flavonoids are a diverse group of polyphenolic compounds among secondary metabolites found naturally in different organs of plants, and more than ۴,۰۰۰ different types of them have been identified in plants. Rutin, Quercetin and Apigenin are also of the flavonoids belonging to flavonols that are used as a reagent in the study of flavonoids and are an antioxidant. In this phytochemical study, High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) method was used to detect Rutin, Quercetin and Apigenin in ۲۴ fungal endophytes associated with Capparis spinosa collected from different areas. Results showed that retention time was ۳.۸۲, ۷.۶۰ and ۱۲.۴۰ for Rutin, Quercetin and Apigenin, respectively and Rf values were ۰.۱۸۹×۱۰-۴ , ۰.۲۶۷×۱۰-۴ and ۰.۲۱۵×۱۰-۴, respectively. Also, results showed from all fungal endophytic isolates, only ۳ isolates showed containing Rutin. Molecular detection based on ITS gene showed these fungi were Paecilomyces maximus, Penicillium chrysogenum and Alternaria destruens that isolated from Khodaafarin (East Azarbaijan Pro.), Asadabad (Hamedan Pro.) and Ahvaz (Khuzestan Pro.) areas and showed Rutin containing about ۳.۳۴, ۰.۳۴ and ۲۲.۶۱ ppm, respectively. Also, these fungi were recovered from leaf, root and fruit of Capparis spinosa, respectively. None of them had Quercetin and Apigenin. This finding is the first record of Endophytic fungi producing Rutin form Capparis spinosa and can be used in pharmaceutical and medical industries.

کلیدواژه ها:

Flavonoid ، Endophytic fungi ، Capparis spinosa