The Utilization of modern biotechnology methods for the protection of Persepolis World Heritage Site

Background and Aim : In the last few decades, the development of biotechnology has led to the development of revolutionary techniques useful for diagnosing the deterioration of cultural heritage caused by microorganisms and developing successful conservation/restoration methods. Certainly, biotechnology is a great resource for setting up effective strategies that are safe for works of art. the main purpose of this study was to investigate the microorganisms involved in biodegradation. This study is based on genomic DNA analysis and metabolic byproducts.Methods : DNA was extracted using the FAVORGEN kit. PCR was performed utilizing specialized primers ۲۷ F and ۳۳۸R. Then, All samples were sequenced by the NGS method. Some samples were prepared for studies related to the substrate and the effect of microbial secondary metabolites on them and studies for mineral bio colonization, were analyzed using XRD, ICP, and FTIR/ATR methods. Results : Results of this study suggest that the range of factors involved in Persepolis biodeterioration is not confined to macro-level factors. The results indicated that a variety of heterotrophic bacteria, microscopic algae, meristematic fungi, and cyanobacteria are present in Persepolis. The chemical analysis results confirmed the presence of carbonic acid due to the presence and activity of microorganisms in this calcareous environment, which in turn causes corrosion in the substrate.Conclusion : Our studies showed that the hidden life of microorganisms on the surface of Persepolis rocks is a serious threat to this monument. furthermore, the Secondary metabolites provide further evidence for colonization and biodeterioration.

کلیدواژه ها:

Biodeterioration ، Microorganisms ، Biotechnology