Prevalence and antibiotic resistance pattern of Gram-positive bacteria isolated from burn patients in the North of Iran: A three year retrospective study

Background and Aim : Bacterial contamination of patients' wounds is a severe problem, and this issue is the most crucial difficulty in curing burn cases. Gram-positive organisms are more predominant in new hospitalized burn cases at first. This study aimed to survey the prevalence and antibiotic resistance pattern of Gram-positive bacteria isolated from burn patients in the North of Iran.Methods : This cross-sectional study was conducted on burn cases who had a positive culture for Gram-positive isolates from clinical samples during ۲۰۱۸-۲۰۲۰ in the North of Iran. The Gram-positive bacteria were identified with biochemical and routinely microbiological tests. Moreover, antibiotic resistance pattern was performed by the disk diffusion method.Results : During the study period, a total of ۱۶ Gram-positive isolates were detected from burn patients. The isolation rate was as follows: ۶۸.۷% (۱۱/۱۶) Coagulase Negative staphylococci (CoNS), ۱۸.۸% (۳/۱۶) Staphylococcus aureus, and ۱۲.۵% (۲/۱۶) Enterococcus isolates. Antibiotic susceptibility results of CoNS revealed that the high level of resistance was against trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole. S. aureus isolates showed the highest resistance rate was observed to penicillin, while Enterococcus isolates showed a high level of resistance to ampicillin, erythromycin, tetracycline, gentamicin, and ciprofloxacin. Also, all of the isolates was susceptible to teicoplanin. Moreover, the rate of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolates were ۶۶.۷%.Conclusion : Due to the rising of the drug resistance pattern and the importance of antibiotic resistance, especially in susceptible burn patients, it is imperative to analyze the bacterial etiology of nosocomial infections periodically and epidemiologically.

کلیدواژه ها:

Staphylococcus aureus ، Burn infection ، Enterococcus ، Coagulase-negative staphylococci