The Role of Self-Efficacy, Hardiness, and Coping Strategies in Predicting Self-Care Behaviors in Patients with Type ۲ Diabetes

Background: Diabetes is a chronic disease that, without proper care, leads to a rise in blood sugar and, in the long term, disrupts the functions of various tissues and organs of the body. Therefore, self-care seems to be particularly important to reduce the injuries associated with this disease. Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the role of coping strategies, self-efficacy, and hardiness in predicting self-care behaviors in patients with type ۲ diabetes. Methods: This was a descriptive-correlational study. The statistical population of this study included all patients with type ۲ diabetes referred to medical centers in Khomeini Shahr, Isfahan-Iran, among whom ۲۰۰ subjects were selected by convenience sampling. For data collection, Niknami (۲۰۱۳) self-care, Kubasa (۱۹۷۶) hardiness, Scherer self-efficacy, and Lazarus and Folkman coping strategies questionnaires were used. Data analysis was performed using stepwise multiple regression using SPSS software version ۲۶. Results:: The mean (SD) age of the participants was ۴۸.۵۴ (۷.۶۲) years, and women constituted ۷۲% of the participants. The results showed that self-efficacy (۵۳%, p=۰.۰۰۱) and hardiness (۳۱%, p=۰.۰۰۸) had the largest shares in explaining self-care behaviors of patients with type ۲ diabetes. The results also showed that coping strategies did not significantly influence the self-care behaviors of patients with type ۲ diabetes (p<۰.۰۵), so it was excluded from the model. Conclusion: According to our findings, self-care behaviors of diabetic patients can be improved by boosting their hardiness and self-efficacy.

کلیدواژه ها:

coping strategies ، self-care ، self-efficacy ، hardiness ، type ۲ diabetes