In silico analysis of microRNAs involved in the mitochondrial pathway of apoptosis and their role in diabetes-induced memory disorder

Background and Aim: Diabetes is recognized as a public health crisis around the world leading to several complications. It can damage the hippocampus, which is the brain's main structure in learning and memory by increasing oxidative stress. On the other hand, high levels of glucose can increase beta-amyloid accumulation, tau phosphorylation and subsequently damage the hippocampus and activate the mitochondrial pathway of apoptosis. As the terminus of synapses and neurons are rich in mitochondria, so the mitochondrial dysfunction can lead to synaptic destruction and neuronal death. MicroRNAs may have regulatory effects on apoptotic genes. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNA that is involved in regulating gene expression. Alteration of microRNAs expression can lead to pathological processes such as neurodegeneration. The aim of this study was to check the effective microRNAs in diabetes-induced memory disorder and target genes using bioinformatics.Methods: Genes involved in the mitochondrial pathway of apoptosis were selected by studying articles and utilizing KEGG database. Next, the expression level of these genes in brain were assessed by GeneCards database. Then, by STRING database network of these genes checked out and the most important of them were selected. Afterward, using miRWalk and miRmap database to find common microRNAs between these genes. Finally, microRNAs selected based on their score in miRmap.Results: Among genes studied, TP۵۳, BIM, BAX/BAK, DIABLO, XIAP, CYCS, APAF۱, BCL۲L۱, CASP۹ and CASP۳ -۶-۷ genes are more important in the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway. Important microRNAs in this pathway are has-miR-۳۰b-۳p, has-miR-۳۸۲-۵p, has-miR-۱۲۸, has-miR-۴۶۶۴-۵p and has-miR-۲۰۴-۳p. Given the has-miR-۳۰b-۳p expression pattern in the GeneCards database, this microRNA can be considered as more specific microRNA.Conclusion: In the present study using in silico analyzing the most important microRNAs and their target genes involving in the mitochondrial pathway of apoptosis and their role in diabetes-induced memory disorder was investigated. Recognition of biomarkers involved in the pathway of diabetes-induced memory disorder like genes and microRNAs is crucial. I hope these results can help diagnose and treatment of patients who suffer from this disease, as well as base for future researchers.

کلیدواژه ها:

Diabetes ، Memory disorder ، Mitochondria ، MiRNA