Evaluation of Two Different Light Sources on the Efficiency of Photodynamic Therapy of Breast Cancer: An in vitro Study

Background and Objective: Photodynamic therapy is a new therapeutic modality for the treatment of cancer. Photodynamic therapy uses an inactive drug and a light source to activate the drug to produce reactive oxygen species that destroy the cancer cells. In the present study, the effect of two different laser light sources on the efficiency of photodynamic therapy was evaluated using a breast cancer cell line. Materials and Methods: MDA-MB-۲۳۱cells were grown on ۹۶-well plates. After the treatment with different concentrations of ۵-aminolevulinic acid, cells were irradiated with a light dose of ۱۰ and/ or ۲۰ Jcm-۲ by two different laser light sources. Cell viability was measured by MTT assay. Results: Results showed that ۵-aminolevulinic acid at concentrations of ۰.۵, ۱ and ۲ mM had no significant cytotoxic effect on the breast cancer cells in the absence of laser activation. However, the treatment of cells with ۵-aminolevulinic acid and light dose of ۲۰ Jcm-۲ using Lasotronic laser and Mustang laser, decreased cell viability of the breast cancer cells to ۸۰% and ۶۵%, respectively. Conclusion: Light source used in photodynamic therapy plays an important role in the efficiency of this therapeutic modality and light activation of ۵-aminolevulinic acid at a photosensitizing concentration using a proper laser light source may potentially be lethal for breast cancer cells.

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Keywords: Photodynamic therapy ، Light source ، Laser ، Breast cancer