Emergency settlements considering the influential buildings: (Case study: Chizar district of Tehran)

Background: Given that severe and powerful earthquakes always cause many people to become homeless; therefore, the basic need for earthquake affected people is to find a shelter. However, this research is done in order to provide a model for allocating existing emergency settlements in Chizar neighborhood for earthquake affected ones considering the role of effective buildings. Method: In this applied research, the selected case study is Chizar neighborhood which located in division eight in district one of Tehran Metropolis. In order to evaluate vulnerability and estimate of losses, casualties, injured and the probable homeless methods of JICA, Coburn & Spence and Mansouri and the fragility curves of Ghaemmaghamian were utilized, also sphere standards are used to estimate the housing capacity and to provide the basic needs of potential the people without shelters. Findings: According to results of structural vulnerability, 32% of the buildings had low vulnerability, 6% of the buildings with medium vulnerability and 33% of the buildings had relatively high vulnerability and the rest of the buildings (29%) were highly vulnerable. The most suitable spaces for appropriate access and avoidance of dangerous buildings were selected after identifying open spaces. In addition, the capacity of each is estimated with regard to the unprotected people and the distance between the settlements from the place of residence, the immigrant people were assigned then food and basic needs were estimated. Conclusion: The results show that the majority of homeless are from the southern part of Chizar neighborhood that comprised of masonry and worn-out texture buildings. It is essential to create or amend appropriate access routes between residential areas and open spaces due to the considerable distance between the vulnerable buildings and the open spaces. In addition, some of these open spaces belong to the private sector and negotiations must be made with their owners before earthquake occurrence in order to reach an agreement and use in emergencies

کلیدواژه ها:

emergency settlement ، influential buildings ، allocated locations ، outdoor ، اسکان اضطراری ، ساختمان‌های تأثیرگذار ، مکان‌های تخصیص‌یافته ، فضای باز