Comprehensive Review of Stem Cell Effects on the Treatment of Diabetes type I

Introduction: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is Chronic Disease and has Become a Prevalent Health Issue Globally. It is Estimated that 5% of all Deaths in the World Are Caused by Diabetes and the Number is Growing Rapidly. It is Characterized by the Immune Complex Mediated Attack on Insulin Producing B Cells of the Pancreas. Current Approaches Utilized for Pancreatic Replacement of Damaged β Cells Include Cadaveric IsletTransplantation, Induction of Endogenous Regeneration and Administration of Stem Cell-Derived β Cells.Description: In the Current Literature Review Keywords Including Diabetes Mellitus, Insulin, Hyperglycemia and Stem Cell from the List of MeSH and other Credible Scientific Websites such as Science Direct, PubMed and Google Scholar Were Used to Compile the Effects of stem Cell on Treatment of Diabetes Mellitus.Discussion and conclusion: Studies on Diabetic Nephropathy Showed that Intravenously Administered Bone Marrow- Mesenchymal Stem Cells (BM-MSCs) could Improve Insulin Secretion, Reduce the Expression of Inflammatory Markers and Reverse Hyperglycemia. In addition, it could Improve the Functional Parameters of Kidneys with Diabetic Nephropathy. Betacellulin (BTC), a Ligand of the Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor, Promotes the Growth and Differentiation of Pancreatic β Cells and Improves Glucose Metabolism in Experimental Diabetic Models. In the Diabetic Neuropathy Transplantation of Stem Cells Obtained from Murine Dental Pulp, Improved Pancreatic Damage and Renal Function was Observed. Moreover, Adipose-Derived- Mesenchymal Stem Cells (AD-MSC) Treatment could also Reverse Hyperglycemia and Ameliorate Autoimmune Diabetes Pathogenesis. Hematopoietic Stem Cell (HSCs) could also Increase β Cell Function, C-Peptide Synthesis and Decrease HbA1c Levels. As a Result, MSC-Induced Immunomodulation Gives Hope for the Development of Improved Diabetic Treatments through Stem Cell-Based Cell Therapy in the Future.

کلیدواژه ها:

Diabetes Mellitus ، Insulin ، Hyperglycemia and Stem Cell