بررسی بیولوژی دو گونه قارچ ‭Blumeria graminus ‬و ‭Leveillula taurica ‬به عنوان دو گونه غالب عامل سفیدک حقیقی در گیاهان مرتعی عوامل موثر در کنترل آنها در استان لرستان

‭The research of study and survey the biology cf two fungi species of Blumeria graminis & L.taurica ‬ص ‭two main fungi species that cause Powdery mildew on rangland plant of Lorestan provinceB and indicate the Factour control of them was achived in three years of 2002-2004, For achive this research we choosed three sampling station from 3 diferent climate of Lorestan province, there was different plants in this stations that two species of Hordeum bolbosum & Medicago sativa was selected to host of B.gramins & L.tanrica respectively. Many different survery were achived on these fungi that the Follow conclusion were obtained: the average percent leaves damage of H.bolosum in Kuhdasht watershed and rimclah station was 19,8 & 6.22 respectively, and on Leaves of Msativa in hirab station was 28.11. The growth of B.graminis fungi on H.bolbosum in Kuhdasht wetershed station started in march with average temperture of 16.6-22.4c', and percent humidity of 20-77. (ascospore were produced in the early of November with arerage temperature of 13C and percent humidity of 33-81) and growth of this fungi on this host in rime/ehe ststion started in April with average temperature of 13. 7C and percent humidity of 30-80, and completed in June with average temperature of 23.7 C and percent humidity of 12-54' (ascoperes completed in the end of November with average temperature of 13.8" and percent humidity of29-80). The growth of L.taurica on Msativa in hirab station started in second half of June with average temperature of 21.2C" and percent humidity of 15-48, and completed in September with average temperature of 24.7C and perce,:,t humidity of 8-28. From the survey on conidium of H.bolbosum ‬ص ‭collected from rimelehe station. proved that the optimum temperature and time/or germination of conidium was 10C" & 72 hour and for L.taurica was 20C and between the time of24,28 & 72 hour there weren't siginificant diference. after indicate the food value of safe and infected plants of H. bolbosum & Msativa the diffirence as follow were between the amount of dry material. crud nitrogen, dry material, crud nitrogen, crud fat, Fiber and ash: , On ‬ص‭HbolbosumD a in rimelehe statfonD the difernce was few, from 0-1 percent and on H.bolbosum watershed Kuhdasht station, Was From %25-1/02 percent. On Msativa ‬ص ‭in hirab station. the percent of dry material was %0.5 increased crude nitrogen was %1/74, decreased, coude fat was %0.3 increased crub fiber was %12.7 increased ash was %2 decreated also proved that the condition of region climate, amount density of plant and species of plant were important were important to infection of these plant to powdery mildew,‬

کلیدواژه ها:

سفیدک پودری ، سفیدک سطحی اسپرس ، مراتع ، چراگاه ها ، میزبان ها ، گیاهان میزبان ، جو پیازی ، کنترل زیستی