بررسی توسعه جنگلهای مانگرو با کاشت گونه های حرا ‭avicenna marina ‬و چندل ‭rhizophora mucronata ‬در سواحل و خورهای استان هرمزگان

Germination (Propagules sprouting)and seedling growth of indigenous mangrove species of Iran, Avicennia marina and Rhizophora mucronata were studied in non-forest and inter-tidal nurseries.In non-forest nursery the germination and seedling growth were studied under different salt concentration as 0.4% and 5% and soil texture as silty loam and sandy soil. And in the inter-tidal nursery at different distances of coast line (0-45 meter) with an inundation of (0-25 cm) under natural field condition of mangrove ecosystem. In inter-tidal nursery the propagules planted with 2 methods: in pot and directly in the soil. The statistical design in non-forest nursery was completely randomized blocks with main treatments of soil texture and sub treatment in different salt concentration. In the other word the statistical design in inter-tidal nursery was randomized bloks with three main treatment in distance of costline in four replication. As well as the statistical design in filed was randomized blocks with three main treatment in distance of costline 5, 25 & 45 meter, and sub treatment of two mangrove species, and sub- sub treatment sapling or seed too. The planting space was 3*3 m. and there are 30 sapling or seeds in each plote. The results of the investigation on the germination of the propagules in non-forest nursery indicated that germination is related to soil texture and salt concentration. When the percentages of sand in soil texture and salt concentration increased, the germination decreased and vises versa. The maximum germination tacked place in salt concentration of 0.4% with silty loam soil texture, and the minimum in salt concentration of 5% with sandy soil texture. In inter-tidal nursery the maximum germination tacked place in 10-meter distance to the coast line with an inundation of 10-25 cm height, and the minimum in> 25 meter, without inundation. The germination declined in inter-tidal nursery in compare to non-forest nursery which are 25%, 40% in pot and 80%, 70% in direct planting for Avicennia marina and Rhizophora mucronata. The analysis of collected data of seedling growth (5-10 month) in non- forest nursery indicated that the maximum seedling growth tacked place for the seedling which were located in sun- shadow, with high percent of humidity, in heavy soil and salt concentration of 0.4% and the minimum were for those, which located directly in sun, with low percent of humidity, in light soil and salt concentration of 5%. In inter-tidal nursery the maximum seedlings growth were for those seedlings which were located in 10 meter distance to coastal line, under mother trees, regeneration, pneumatophores, with an inundation of 10-25cm, and the minimum were for the seedlings which were located in 25> meter distance to coast line with an inundation of lower than 10cm, in barren lands. Result in the filed showed that the best distance for planting and mangrove development is 5-10 meters of costline. That have highest survival, greenness, height and growth of seedling were recorded. The best survival for Avicennia was 44.4% in 5-10 meters of costline. The Rhizophora rate was 35.6% increment and others were zero for Avicennia in 15-25 meters of costline 15.6% was recorded and > 30 meters was zero respectively. Also standard and resistant seedling should be 30-50 slendrness coefficient. Key words: Germination, Mangrove, Seedling, Plantation, mangrove sapling, Avicennia marina, Rhizophora mucronata, development.

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جنگل کاری ، چندلیان ، جوانه زنی ، هرمزگان