تاثیر شستشوی مجدد پسته بعد از تانک شناوری بر کاهش میزان تراکم اسپور قارچهای مولد آفلاتوکسین

One of factor of contamination of pistachio especially after finishing of processing is presence of spore on surface of pistachio nut. Although contamination of pistachio by spore of fungus isn't a reason for existence of aflatoxin in sample, but this contamination can be potential for creating of aflatoxin during of storage and transportation. In the floating tanks spores are transferred from contaminated to non-contaminated nuts and this will increase the inoculums of Aspergillus in consignments during storage, transport and distribution. Installation of a machine nut washing system with 5 nozzles into the line after the floating tank was evaluated to optimize distance of nozzles from the nuts, water pressure and angle of water trajectory for removing spores on contaminated pistachio nuts. The applied treatments in this machine included: three different water pressures (0.1 , 0.2 and 0.3 bar), nozzle distance (5, 10 and 15 cm from the pistachio nuts) and angle of water trajectory [0 (horizontal spray, 45 and 90 degree (vertical spray)]. Therefore the selected experiment design was factorial based on randomized complete block design with three factor and three replications. Spore density of Aspergillus flavus from 100 nuts from different treatments were evaluated by culturing on an AFAP media. Results indicated spore density of Aspergillus flavus was decreased in all treatments compare with unwashed control pistachio nuts. The best treatment involved 5 nozzles placed very close to the nuts (10 cm), with a water angle trajectory of 45 degree and the highest water pressure.

کلیدواژه ها:

آفلاتوکسین ها ، هاگ ها ، حمل و نقل ، انبار ، مخزن شناور ، شستشو ، پسته ، آبپاشی