Laser beams can be made from visible light, X-rays, ultraviolet light, or infrared light. A laser is a type of excited, high-energy light that is not normally seen in nature, but can be created with special technology and equipment

Note: The interaction of the electromagnetic beam occurs in the form of reflection and refraction, absorption and scattering. Reflection and refraction are related by Fresnel's laws. Therefore, these two are expressed in one section. Of course, in nanolaser applications, refraction plays a significant role only when a transparent material such as the target is irradiated. Which of the events (reflection, absorption, scattering) is more important depends on the conditions of the target location and the wavelength of the input beam.

In the interaction of the electromagnetic beam with the nanolaser, the wavelength is a very important factor because the refractive indices, absorption and scattering are dependent on the wavelength. Therefore, the  absorption and scattering properties of the nanolaser beam are essential for the performance of the nanolaser. Reflection and refraction Reflection is the return of the electromagnetic beam by the surface on which the beam is incident. Reflection is of two types: (regular reflection and irregular reflection) When the incoming beam is reflected from a smooth and polished surface with elevations that are smaller than the wavelength of the incident beam, it is called regular reflection. Irregular reflection is a phenomenon that generally occurs for all disordered and opaque surfaces. Because none of them have a smooth and polished surface, but in special cases, regular reflection may prevail over irregular.

Lasers  are a beam of electromagnetic radiation.  Laser beams can be made from visible light, X-rays, ultraviolet light, or infrared light. A laser is a type of excited, high-energy light that is not normally seen in nature, but  can be created with special technology and equipment.  Lasers have differences from ordinary light that  give them special abilities and applications. Laser light is brighter and more intense than light in nature  . Laser light can break through the hardest metals and easily pass through a hard object such as diamond and  create a hole in it. Low-power, ultra-fine beams of other types of lasers can be  used to perform very delicate tasks, such as surgery on the human eye. Laser light can  be controlled with great precision and used as a continuous beam called a continuous laser or in rapid bursts called a pulsed laser  . Unlike ordinary light, laser light has completely coherent energy, which gives it  great power to perform various tasks. The word laser is derived  from the first letters of words that describe  its properties, which means light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation . The difference between laser beam and ordinary light lies in the important properties  that exist in this beam. These properties include: coherence, monotony, directivity  of high intensity. The aforementioned properties are not seen in ordinary light and these properties  are used for various tasks.

Conclusion:

The interaction of the electromagnetic beam occurs in the form of reflection and refraction, absorption and scattering. Reflection and refraction are related by Fresnel's laws. Therefore, they are expressed in one section. However, in nanolaser applications, refraction only plays an important role when a transparent material such as corneal tissue is irradiated.