(Communication Sciences) Fundamentals of Marine Communication and (Short-Medium-Range Waves) (Communications_Sonar) in the Ocean and Sea

Note: One of the first things most people think of when it comes to marine electronics is VHF.

VHF and (SSB-HF/MF) band communication systems     should also be the first to be considered when installing or upgrading electronic communication systems  on any ship, and navigational communication systems. However, for many mariners,  their maritime communication needs extend beyond the VHF range. For these individuals, a medium band/medium frequency  (SSB-HF/MF) should be considered.

You will find VHF marine radios on most ships around the world. From super container ships to fishing boats, marine VHF is without a doubt the most capable maritime communications system. Common uses of the VHF range include defense and safety communications, maritime navigation advisories,  forecast weather reports, contacting other ships, and connecting to the telephone system for telephone calls  . However, the most important aspect of using VHF is that all marine VHFs  are designed and built to use specific frequencies, regardless of manufacturer, according to internationally agreed conditions. This communication system provides all mariners anywhere in the world with a common set of frequencies to communicate easily. There are currently three sets of VHF frequencies in use in the world today. Most VHFs today have a dedicated switch (the easiest way) or a menu item, which allows  switching between these channel sets. Fortunately, the main emergency and safety frequencies (channels 6, 13, 16, 67 and 70) are standard for communications in all three standards, regardless of the radio configuration of the navigation system. However, if the telecommunications user expects to communicate effectively, he or she must be aware of which frequencies are being used in the area. Marine radios may be considered the primary piece of safety equipment on board a ship. The use of the shared frequency assignment feature and proper marine communication methods increases this safety. You will find VHF marine radios on most ships worldwide. From super  container ships to fishing boats, marine VHF is without a doubt the most capable marine communications system. Typical uses of the VHF range include defense and safety communications, marine navigation advisories,  forecast weather reports, contacting other ships, connecting to the telephone system for telephone calls.  However, the most important aspect of using VHF is that all marine VHFs  are designed and manufactured to operate on specific frequencies, regardless of manufacturer, according to internationally agreed conditions  . This communication system provides common frequencies for all mariners anywhere in the world to  communicate easily.

There are currently three sets of VHF frequency bands in use in the world today. Most VHFs today have a dedicated switch (the easiest way) or a menu item, which allows  switching between these channel sets. Fortunately, the main emergency and safety frequencies (channels 6, 13, 16, 67 and 70) are standard in all three standards for communications, regardless of your radio configuration  . However, if the telecommunications user expects to communicate effectively, he or she must  be aware of which frequencies are being used in the area. Marine radios may be considered a primary piece of safety equipment on board a ship. The use of  shared frequency allocation and proper marine communication methods increases this safety.

There are basically 4 categories of maritime communications.

Emergency

Urgent conditions

Safety conditions

Normal (usual) conditions

Within these categories, 3 internationally recognized distress signals are used for voice communications:

MAYDAY (pronounced DAY-MAY ): This is an emergency signal and only indicates that the ship  is in a dangerous situation and needs immediate assistance.

PAN-PAN : This signal is an urgent situation and is used when the safety of the vessel or person  is in danger.

SECURITE Pronounced “TAY – A – CURE – SAY ”: This is a safety condition signal and  is used  to advise others of important navigational or weather warnings that may affect the safety of other vessels  . The emergency is divided into three categories, meaning that each of these calls must  be made on channel 16, as many other coast stations are listening on frequency 7.24.

The priority of these signals is as follows:

SECURITY is higher than any normal connection.

Instant communications (PAN-PAN) is an introduction to safety communications.

Emergency communication (MAYDAY) is above all other communication categories. There is a category of marine communication.