Why should schools teach emotional intelligence?

The Necessity of Teaching Emotional Intelligence in Schools

Introduction

In recent decades, educational systems around the world have undergone significant changes. The goal of education is no longer limited to transferring theoretical knowledge; instead, the cultivation of soft skills and socio-emotional competencies in students has become equally important. One of the most crucial skills in this regard is Emotional Intelligence (EI), which, according to Salovey and Mayer (1990), refers to the ability to recognize, understand, and manage one’s own emotions as well as those of others. Scientific research has demonstrated that teaching emotional intelligence can play a decisive role in students’ academic success, mental health, and social relationships.


Dimensions of Emotional Intelligence

According to Daniel Goleman (1995), emotional intelligence consists of five main components:

1. Self-Awareness: The ability to recognize and understand one’s emotions.


2. Self-Regulation: The capacity to control emotions and reactions in various situations.


3. Motivation: The ability to use emotions to achieve goals.


4. Empathy: The skill of understanding others’ feelings.


5. Social Skills: The ability to communicate effectively and manage conflicts.



These components directly influence students’ learning processes and social interactions.


Scientific Reasons for Teaching Emotional Intelligence

1. Connection to Academic Achievement:
Research indicates that high emotional intelligence leads to better concentration, reduced test anxiety, and improved working memory (Durlak et al., 2011). As a result, students who receive EI training tend to perform better academically.


2. Improved Mental Health:
Programs that teach emotional intelligence are associated with lower levels of depression, anxiety, and stress (Brackett et al., 2019). These skills help students cope more effectively with daily challenges and academic pressures.


3. Enhanced Social Relationships and Reduced Negative Behavior:
Studies by CASEL (Collaborative for Academic, Social, and Emotional Learning) show that Social and Emotional Learning (SEL) programs significantly reduce bullying, aggression, and classroom conflicts while fostering cooperation and friendship among students.


4. Preparation for Future Careers:
In the 21st century, emotional skills such as teamwork, leadership, conflict resolution, and effective communication are valued by employers even more than technical knowledge (Goleman, 1998). Therefore, teaching EI is an investment in students’ professional futures.


5. Fostering Responsible and Engaged Citizens:
Teaching these skills promotes responsibility, respect for others, and active participation in society.



Conclusion

Emotional intelligence, as a key factor in both academic and social success, plays a vital role in the holistic development of students. By integrating EI training into traditional curricula, schools can nurture a generation that is not only academically capable but also emotionally and socially mature, balanced, and prepared for the complexities of today’s world.