Nanowire-based Nanosensor Detects Radiation Damage

Note: Nanosensors themselves are replicated from microstructures. Among these sensors, one can mention a sensor based on nanowires that detects radiation damage.

These nanosensors are placed in blood cells. Also, a lab-on-a-chip (LOC) and Bio is a device that  consists of one or more laboratory actuators on a chip measuring a few millimeters or square centimeters, and deals with very small volumes of fluids and  can give us a lot of desired information from a single sample.

These sensors are capable of detecting a wide range of chemical vapors. When a molecular bond   is formed between the gas being analyzed and nanowires made of a semiconducting material, such as zinc oxide (ZnO), the wire's conductivity changes. The amount of change in the nanowire's conductivity  depends on the degree to which the molecule is bound to the nanowire's surface. For example, nitrogen dioxide gas reduces the nanowire's conductivity, and carbon monoxide  increases it.

Bio sensors (applied nanosensors for environmental detection)

These types of biosensors (environmental detection) can often be used to detect bacteria or viruses. First, a carbon nanotube is functionalized with antibody conjugates. When  a bacterium or virus binds to the antibody, the nanotube's conductivity changes. In another method, the nanotube is connected to a metal and a voltage  is passed through it. When a bacterium or virus binds to the nanotube, the current changes and a signal is generated.  This method is a rapid method for detecting bacteria.

(Research Conclusion) Performance of Semiconductor Nanowires for (Element Determination) and LOC/Bio Nanosensors

The semiconductor nanowires of this device are used to develop LOC / Bio sensors that are capable of determining a molecule. In these sensors, when the molecule to be analyzed  is placed on the oscillator (cantilever) of the tweezers, a change is created in the resonant frequency of the cantilever. Coating the cantilever with receptor molecules  such as antibodies that can specifically bind to bacteria, viruses or some biomolecules increases the efficiency of the system  . Cantilevers are spring platforms in nano and micro sizes and operate based on the deflection of the platform or the change in the resonant frequency produced on the cantilever surface  .