Nanoelectronics and Electronic Energy Generation From (Light Waves) Nanotechnology

Existing solar energy technologies use the particle nature of light to convert the energy of these particles into electrical energy. The methods that are popular in the construction of this type of solar cells include the use of silicon and thin films. The crystalline silicon cell, which is the first generation of solar cells, is most widely used in the photovoltaic systems industry, but its very high production cost is one of its disadvantages. Thin film is another solar cell production technology in which the production cost is reduced, but it has a lower efficiency than silicon technology, as the best laboratory efficiency obtained in this way does not exceed 20 percent.

Therefore, the photovoltaic industry needs to develop solar energy production technologies and  optimize them in three areas: higher efficiency, lower price, and less complexity.

Solar cells are quantum devices and the limiting factor in  their efficiency is the matching of their gap-band to the solar spectrum.  Conventional np solar cells have almost reached their full maturity and  have achieved their maximum efficiency, which is about 20% for a single cell and almost 90% for multilayer systems.

Light waves must be able to collect the sun's light energy with a suitable antenna.

Of course, to convert this energy into DC power, we would need very fast rectification. This issue remained silent because it was not possible to build such devices at that time. However, in the last decade, with the advancement of nanotechnology, it has become possible to build such devices, which is why the study of solar energy collection by antennas has recently attracted the attention and interest of researchers.

In fact, the difference between this method and the conventional methods of making solar cells is the use of two definitions of the two basic properties of light. In the traditional method of making solar cells, the particle property of light and the collection of energy of photons are used. This is while in this new method, the wave property of light is used.