What is a Nano Transistor? Electronic and Biological Nanotechnology (Structure, internal Structure)

Note: Transistors are the main electronic components  that are used as amplifiers in analog circuits  or electronic switches in digital circuits  . And their development is the main key to nanoelectronics in the field of production and monopoly (nanochips) in the field of development of military and biological industries.

Transistors and integrated circuit fabrication technology have become the most common basis for them, CMOS technology in the micro and nanoelectronics industry. This industry and technology of integrated circuits, this advantage of nanoelectronics in reducing the size of transistors and the  number of transistors used in each chip is doubled. Reducing the dimensions of the transistors increases the speed and reduces the power losses. Nanotube-based field effect transistors and carbon-based field effect transistors are very serious candidates to replace graphene and conventional silicon transistors.

Internal construction and field effect transistors based on carbon nanotubes

The simple basic structure in which the two metal joints act as a source and drain and carbon nanotubes play the role of a transistor channel that is separated by an oxide layer from a high-density silicon shell. In this electronic component, the silicon substrate acts as a gate. In this structure, it is called the back gate  . Then the high gate transistors,  which were suitable for use in integrated circuits  , with the addition of an upper gate that is separated from the nanotube channel by  a thin layer of oxide, the  transistors are the same as  transistors based on carbon nanotubes. The difference is that graphene is used in its channel instead of  carbon nanotube. Unique properties of graphene such as electron mobility and  high thermal conductivity, failure resistance,  Properly  absorbs low light and cleaves the band  that makes it possible to make electronic components with  high speed in flexible and transparent electronic circuits  using this nanomaterial. Graphene transistors are also  structurally capable of having  both upper and lower back and composite gates.

The effect of nanotransistors based on carbon and graphene nanotubes on the development of military and biological industries

In the military nanoelectronics industry, two approaches are basically very important:

_Increase capabilities

Reducing the volume and size of nano-electronic structures (nano chips)

The design , manufacture, development, and use of products ranging in size  from 1 nm to   100 nm are called nanoelectronics. In fact, we are talking about miniaturization, which allows for more contact, more activity, and an increase in area. Nano is a new scale in technology and a new approach in all fields, and it gives human beings the ability to expand their involvement in the structure of materials and to design and manufacture in very small dimensions, and in all technologies. That human beings have already achieved . And this trend has been considered in the production of electronic and biological nanotechnology. Implantable nanochips in the body and the military industry depend on advances in carbon and graphene tube transistors.

Conclusion :

Transistors are the main electronic components  that are used as amplifiers in analog circuits  or electronic switches in digital circuits  . And their development is the main key to nanoelectronics in the field of production and monopoly (nanochips) in the field of development of military and biological industries.