The Amelioration of Gentamycin Nephrotoxicity by Cordia myxa L. in rat

Introduction and aims: Cordia myxa L., one of the most commonly used herbal medicines, has been revealed to have analgesic, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, antimicrobial, antiparasitic, insecticidal, cardiovascular, respiratory, gastrointestinal and hepatoprotective effects, also, it is a natural antioxidant and a free radical scavenger with no documented evidence as a nephroprotective agent. The present study was aimed to investigate the nephroprotective activity of hydro-alcoholic extract of Cordia myxa L. (CME) fruits in a rodent model of gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity. Materials and Methods: Male Wistar rats, weighing 200–250 g were randomly divided into five equal groups (n=6 per group); including I, control group; II, gentamicin(GEN) group(80 mg.kg-1 intraperitoneally(i.p)); III, GEN(80 mg.kg-1 i.p)+CME (250 mg.kg-1) group; IV, GEN (mg.kg-1 i.p)+CME (500 mg.kg-1) group; V, GEN (80 mg.kg-1 i.p)+vitamin E (500 mg.kg-1) group. GEN (80 mg.kg-1 i.p.) was given every 24 hours for 14 consecutive days. CME administered 24 hours prior and concurrently with gentamicin. Changes in blood biochemical parameters such as urea, creatinine, uric acid, and blood urea nitrogen were measured. The right kidney was removed for pathological evaluation and the left kidney was removed and then homogenized for determination of tissue malondialdehyde (MDA) as a lipid peroxidation marker. Results: The DPPH and ABTS*+ radical scavenging activity of CME were 54.8±0.65% and 42.3±0.47% respectively. Gentamicin treatment caused nephrotoxicity as evidenced by marked elevation in blood biochemical parameters such as urea, uric acid, creatinine and blood urea nitrogen(69±5.89 mg.dl-1, .45±0.18mg.dl-1, 0.88±0.09 mg.dl-1, 34.5±2.94 mg.dl-1) respectively when compared to the saline-treated group. Concurrent administration of CME with gentamicin decreased the rise in these parameters. Histopathological analysis revealed necrosis, glomerular congestion, interstitial congestion and inflammatory cell infiltration in gentamicin-treated rats, whereas vitamin E and CME lessen the severity of gentamicin-induced renal damage. Conclusions : In summary, the results of our study reveal for the first time that pre-treatment and concurrent administration of CME along with gentamicin ameliorate both functional and histological renal injuries induced by gentamicin in rats.

کلیدواژه ها:

Cordia myxa L. ، gentamicine ، amelioration ، nephrotoxicity ، rat.