Method development and validation for the determination of trace amount of imatinib in biological and environmental samples by Salting-out assisted switchable- polarity solvent based liquid phase microextraction and HPLC

سال انتشار: 1398
نوع سند: مقاله کنفرانسی
زبان: انگلیسی
مشاهده: 328

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شناسه ملی سند علمی:

TOXICOLOGY15_237

تاریخ نمایه سازی: 15 بهمن 1398

چکیده مقاله:

In this study, a salting-out assisted switchable-polarity solvent-based liquid phase microextraction (SA-SPS-LPME) was developed as a green, simple, sensitive, rapid and selective method for the separation, preconcentration and determination of trace amount of imatinib in biological and environmental samples by HPLC-UV. Two hydrophilic and hydrophobic forms (triethylamine (TEA) and protonated triethylamine carbonate (P-TEA-C)) were switched by the adding or removing of CO2 (dry ice). The Sodium hydroxide was used to convert P-TEA-C to TEA by removing of CO2 from the sample solution and as a result, the imatinib was extracted into the TEA phase. The salting-out was performed to speed up the formation of fine droplets of the TEA into the sample solution. The effects of several important factors influencing the extraction recovery such as; volume of P-TEA-C, amount of NaCl and valium of NaOH were investigated. Under the optimum conditions, the limit of detection (LOD) and the limit of quantification (LOQ) were obtained in the range of 0.04-0.10 and 0.13-0.39, respectively. The preconcentration factor (PF) was 250 for river water and urine samples and 100 for plasma sample. The inter and intraday precision (RSD % n = 5) was <5%. The recovery of the imatinib in biological and environmental samples was in the range of 98.0–103%. The switchable polarity solvent allows the extraction of the imatinib from the samples in a homogeneous phase without decantation of the solution or dispersive solvent and easy operation without any additional steps. In this method, an extraction solvent was changed between the two forms (hydrophobic and hydrophilic) using CO2 and NaOH. The advantage of using CO2 and NaOH in this work is that these are benign, non-toxic, inexpensive and easily found in laboratory conditions. The salting out was very effective to improve the extraction efficiency and reduce the time for phase separation by speed up the formation of fine droplets of the TEA into the sample solution. The use of switchable polarity solvent as the green solvent provided high recoveries with low consumption that can be environmental friendly. This method supplied high recovery, good precision, ease of operation, low cost, and low detection and quantification limits within a short time. Moreover, the major advantage of this method is that the HPLC–UV is available in most of hospitals and laboratories in comparison to the very expensive of LC-MS-MS equipment which is not available usually in these places.

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نویسندگان

Nader Rahimi Kakavandi

Department of Toxicology & Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran

Tayebeh Asadi

Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran

Khosrou Abdi

Department of Radiopharmacy and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Mahmoud Ghazi-Khansari

Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran