Effect of Azospirillum and Piriformospora indica on Phenolic and Flavonoid contents and grain yield of Plantago ovata

The main approach to reach out the global food security is a significant increase in performance of major agricultural crops. Plants growth and productivity may be enhanced by the application of beneficial soil microbes, known as bio-fertilizers, including bacteria and fungi. This study aimed to investigate the effect of Azospirillum spp. and Piriformospora indica and their combination on phenolic and flavonoid contents as well as grain yield of psyllium (Plantago ovate Forsk.). Our finding illustrated that inoculation of psyllium plant with Azospirillum spp. and P. indica raised the amounts of phenolic and flavonoid contents of the plant. Also the treatment improved seeds quantity of psyllium while, combined inoculation was more effective than individual inoculation in all the studied traits. Effects of inoculation were attributed to general increases in uptake of several macro and micronutrients as well as water absorption, which help host plant to achieve maximum yield. Application of the fungus and bacteria caused to increase phenolic and flavonoid contents and seed yield of psyllium. However, the highest amount of phenolic and flavonoid contents and grain yield were observed in plant that co-inoculated with endophytic fungus and bacteria.

کلیدواژه ها:

Psyllium ، Grain yield ، Bio-fertilizer ، Rhizobacteria ، Secondary metabolites