Study of Citrus Medica L. and Satureja hortensis L. Essential Oils as larvicides against Anopheles stephensi larvae in insectary condition

Bacground: Anopheles stephensi is an important vector of malaria, especially in Iran and western Asia. Due to insecticide resistance and environmental protection, new materials for the environmentally sound control of mosquitoes are urgently needed. Essential oils that are secondary metabolites of the plant can be used to develop environmentally safe larvicides. The Satureja hortensis L. is a perennial sub-shrub native to the Mediterranean and now distributed throughout the world. It belongs to the family of the Lamiaceae . Citrus medica L., a worldwide fruit tree, belongs to the family of the Rutaceae .Objective: The propose of this research is attempt to find environmental friendly oils to support producing ecofriendly larvicide.Material and method: Pure peel EO of C. medica and leaf EO of S. hortensis was purchased from Golkaran company and Zardband company, respectively. An. stephensi larvae has been reared in insectary of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences. The larvicidal bioassay tests were carried out according to WHO guidelines for laboratory and field testing of mosquito larvicides. Mortality recorded 24 h after treatment. All analyses were conducted using the statistical package MS excel 2013.Result: Satureja hortensis and Citrus Medica resulted in LC50 values of 34.45 and 89.17 ppm respectively. Also, LC90 values for the current EOs were recorded as 51.86 and 123.81ppm, respectively.Conclusion: Satureja hortensis can be a good candidate for new source of biopesticide against An. stephensi. It is recommended to perform phases II (small-scale field trials) and III (large-scale field trials) of the WHO method.

کلیدواژه ها:

Anopheles stephensi larvae ، Satureja hortensis ، Citrus Medica L ، Essential oil