Possibe vector-borne diseases after Iran 2019 flood

Background: Flooding is the prominent natural disaster in the world and one of the main ecological encounters confronted by many countries in the twenty-first century. Receding flood waters and assembling water from heavy rainfall can offer impeccable situations for mosquito breeding. This can consequence in more mosquitoes, growing the possible for occurrences of mosquito-borne diseases. Objectives: In this study we aimed to review the vector-borne diseases after flood regarding to this event in Iran 2019. Materials and Methods: A wide-ranging literature search was directed via Google Scholar, Elsevier, and Springer Online Journals. The investigated complicated a mixture of key words linking to flooding proceedings and vector-borne diseases in Iran.Results: Floods may incidentally lead to a rise in vector-borne diseases done the increase in the amount and variety of vector environments. Standing water initiated by heavy rainfall or overflow of rivers can act as breeding situates for mosquitoes, and consequently increase the possiblity for acquaintance of the disaster-affected residents and backup workers to impurities such as dengue, malaria and West Nile fever. Inundating may firstly flush out mosquito breeding, but it comes back when the waters withdraw. The lag time is frequently about 6-8 weeks in advance the onset of a malaria epidemic. In Iran, the floods is reported to increase the risk of water- and vector-borne diseases, including malaria, leishmaniasis, malaria , Rift Valley fever, yellow fever , dengue and dengue hemorrhagic fever, and West Nile fever, cholera and other communicable diseases due to the disruption of the water resource. The flood also predisposed arthropod vectors by variations in their creation, development, activities, and inhabitant s dynamics as well as their pathogens and reservoirs. The formation of new breeding grounds for mosquitoes such as phlebotomus, Aedes and Anopheles genus and therefore a short-tempered epidemic of Mosquito-borne disease can be anticipated. The possibility of occurrences is prominently amplified by confusing factors, such as fluctuations in human behaviour (amplified acquaintance to mosquitoes when sleeping outdoors, a short-term break in proceedings in disease control events, overpopulation), or fluctuations in the environment which help mosquito breeding (landslide, deforestation, river impeding, and rerouting). Conclusion: It is recommended that communicable disease risks from flooding can be greatly reduced by Chlorination of water; in forms of free chlorine are liquid sodium hypochlorite, solid calcium hypochlorite and bleaching powder (chloride of lime; a mixture of calcium hydroxide, calcium chloride and calcium hypochlorite). Vaccination of high-risk groups, such as persons involved in the management of drinking water, waste water or sewage against hepatitis A, Malaria prevention by indoor residual spraying, or the retreatment/distribution of insecticide-treated bednets (ITNs) in areas where their use is well-known. It should be noted that this will also have an effect on other mosquito-borne diseases.

کلیدواژه ها:

Flood ، Iran ، Vector-borne diseases