The prevalence and incidence of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (CL) in different provinces in Iran, 2018

Background: Cutaneous Leishmaniasis causing by Leishmania major and Leishmania tropica and they are endemic in Iran in 18 provinces. Leishmania major cause Zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis and transmit by Phlebotomus papataci and Leishmania tropica cause antroponetic cutaneous leishmaniasis and transmit by phlebotomus sergenti.Due to various factors the disease increases or even infects uninfected areas. The most important of these factors include inadequate environmental health, natural disasters such as earthquakes, climate change such as global warming, migration and population displacement.Methods: The data that reporting from periphery levels analyzed and the number of reported cases in the portal system by districts and the incidence rate calculated.Results: In 2018 all of 31 provinces reported the CL cases. In non-endemic provinces the number of cases reported from 6 cases in Gilan province (0.2 cases per 1000000) and 11 cases in Kordestan (0.7 cases per 100000) to 121 cases in Hamedan (6.9 cases per 100000) all of the cases in non-endemic areas had travel to endemic areasIn endemic provinces the number of cases reported from 72 cases in Khorasan Jonoobi (9 cases per 100000) to 3580 cases in Esfahan (68 cases per 100000) and 2962 cases in Fars (59.7 cases per 1000000), all of the cases in endemic areas infected in their provinces.Only 3% of cases reported from non-endemic provinces and 97% cases reported from endemic provinces.Conclusion: All of the population in endemic areas are at risk for infect by Lieshmaniasis. And for decreasing number of cases have to coordination with other sectors as governor, municipalities and more attention to training the population to personal protection to prevent the transmission the diseases.It is clear that the early diagnosis the cases reduce the size of scar and in Antroponetic cutaneous leishmaniasis reduce the transmission the disease. So it is important that more attention is paid to early diagnosis in laboratories.