Rhipicephalus sanguineus (Brown Dog Tick), vector of Leishmania infantum among Dogs

سال انتشار: 1398
نوع سند: مقاله کنفرانسی
زبان: انگلیسی
مشاهده: 463

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شناسه ملی سند علمی:

DCME02_021

تاریخ نمایه سازی: 19 آذر 1398

چکیده مقاله:

Background: The visceral leishmaniasis parasite, Leishmania infantum, is naturally transmitted through the bites of phlebotomine sand flies. Alternative routes of transmission (e.g. tick bites) are being examined recently. The aim of this research was to verify the presence, persistence and passage of L. infantum kDNA in dog ticks, Rhipicephalus sanguineus, blood feeding on a parasitemic dog in Shiraz, south of Iran.Methods: Overall, 180 Leishmania-free ticks (nymphs and adults) originally collected from field and then bred on lab rodents were divided into eight groups and allowed to blood feed on a parasitemic dog, Canis familiaris, for fixed periods of time. These and all third generation stages of ticks including eggs and unfed larvae were then checked for L. infantum kDNA using conventional PCR protocol at fixed time intervals (24h, 1w, 2w, and 4w). In other phase of study, in order to clarification the possibility of leishmania transmission from infected tick with verified infection to uninfected dog, 100 infected tick was placed on a non-infected dog. And also some samples of homogenized infected eggs were injected to footpad of 6 BALB/c mouse.Results: The infection rate was significantly higher in female than male ticks (P=0.043). The rates of infection were also more common among nymphs (50%) than adult ticks (41.7%). The kDNA of L. infantum was not detected in ticks 24h post-feeding. It was, however, found to be positive among the second to fourth groups of nymphs (40, 50 and 55%) and adult (40, 46.7 and 36.7%) ticks. Eggs and unfed larvae recovered from the third and fourth adult groups (2w, 4w) were 100% PCR-positive. From 6 BALB/c that were injected byhomogenized infected eggs, infection verified by PCR test in liver and spleen of 2 samples. In non-infected dog that were bitten by infected tick, after 4 month, parasite detected from spleen and liver by PCR method.Conclusions: Survival, ability of passage and also persistence of L. infantum in tick s body following an intervals post blood feeding on an infected dog for 4 month, could confirm the possibility of L. infantum transmission by this species. The result of this study revealed the ability of transovarial and transstadial transmission of L. infantum through brown dog tick. Based on the results, we can introduce R. sanguineus as a potential and preservative vector of L. infantum in editerranean area.

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نویسندگان

Kourosh Azizi

Full professor, Department of Medical Entomology, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran

Aboozar Soltani

Assiciate professor, Department of Medical Entomology, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.

Qasem Asgari

Assistant professor, Department of Medical Entomology, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran

Sorna Dabaghmanesh

Assistant professor, Department of Medical Entomology, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran