Assessment of Risk Factors for Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: A Case Control Study

Introduction: Epidemiologic studies showed that the prevalence of type I diabetes is different in several areas in Iran. The aim of this study is Comparison risk factors of type I diabetes between diabetic and non diabetic children in Isfahan province. Material and Methods: In a case – control study during 2013-2014, 175 patients with type I as case group and 350 healthy children as a control group were selected from Imam Hossein hospital and Isfahan Endocrine and Metabolism Research Center. Risk factors of type I diabetes was compared between the two groups using SPSS software.Results: Season of birth, number of children, duration of using infant formula, using vitamin D supplement during pregnancy, child feeding by dry milk, , using vitamin A and D supplement during infancy, family history of type I and II diabetes , age of attending kindergarten, duration of breast feeding and age of starting supplementary feeding, were statistically different between the two groups.Conclusion: According to the result of our study, in addition to genetic factors, several environmental factors have positive roles in the incidence of type I diabetes. Health providers must plan for reducing these risk factors.