Maternal Lipid Profiles and Gestational Diabetes: A Review Study

Introduction: Levels of lipid profiles have changed dramatically during normal pregnancy, however, many studies have examined the association between significant changes in maternal lipids and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM); However, it remains unclear whether dyslipidemia is a potential marker of insulin resistance. To assess the association between lipid profiles in pregnancy with gestational diabetes mellitus. Materials & Methods: In this review, data were collected via searching in databases such as PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, and Elsevier to identify the related English articles published until 2018 using keywords such as Dyslipidaemia, pregnancy, gestational diabetes mellitus, HDL-C , hypertriglyceridaemia, and lipid. At the end, 14 studies were identified and reviewed. Results: According to the results of this study, Triglyceride levels were significantly increased in the first, second, and third trimester in women with GDM compared to those without GDM. HDL-C levels were also significantly lower in women with GDM compared to those without GDM in the second and third trimesters. Actually, increase in HDL-C concentration was associated with decreased risk for GDM, especially during the second trimester. There were no differences in levels of total cholesterol or LDL-C between women with GDM and those who did not have insulin resistance.Conclusion: maternal high TG in pregnancy was independently associated with increased risk of GDM. Therefore, TG levels can be used as a parameter for predicting gestational diabetes during pregnancy. Considering the reduced levels of HDL-C can also be very important in this regard.