The Effects of Magnesium and Zinc co-supplementation on Clinical Symptoms Hormonal and Lipid Profiles and Gene Expression Related to Metabolic Profiles in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Backgrounds: Objective: This study was conducted to determine the impacts of magnesium and zinc co-supplementation on clinical symptoms, hormonal and lipid profiles, and gene expression related to metabolic profiles in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).Material and method: This randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was performed among 56 women with PCOS, aged 18-40 years old. Participants were randomly assigned into two groups to take either 250 mg magnesium oxide plus 220 mg zinc sulfate supplements (n=28) or placebo (n=28) per day for 12 weeks .Results: Magnesium and zinc co-supplementation significantly reduced fasting plasma glucose (β -6.95 mg/dL; 95% CI, -9.31, 4.59; P<0.001), serum insulin (β -1.73 μIU/mL; 95% CI, -2.69, -0.78; P=0.001), insulin resistance (β -0.41; 95% CI, -0.64, -0.18; P=0.001), total testosterone levels (β -0.35; 95% CI, -0.60, -0.10; P=0.006) and hirsutism (β -0.75; 95% CI, -1.11, -0.38; P<0.001), and significantly increased insulin sensitivity (β 0.005; 95% CI, 0.001, 0.009; P=0.01). In addition, taking magnesium plus zinc supplements were associated with a significant reduction in triglycerides (β -9.07 mg/dL; 95% CI, -16.05, -2.08; P=0.01) and total-/HDL-cholesterol ratio (β -0.41; 95% CI, -0.66, -0.17; P=0.001), and a significant increase in HDL-cholesterol levels (β 3.74 mg/dL; 95% CI, 1.94, 5.55; P<0.001). Moreover, co-supplementation upregulated gene expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (P=0.02) and low-density lipoprotein receptor (P=0.02).Conclusions: Overall, magnesium and zinc co-supplementation, compared with the placebo, for 12 weeks among PCOS women had beneficial effects on glucose and lipid metabolism