Surgical Intervention Isthmuscele

Cesarean section as a major surgery has many short and long term complications which can be responsible for maternal and fetal mortality or morbidity. By increasing number of cesarean sections worldwide, the rates of these complications are grow-ing up. A lately recognized complication is impaired uterine wound healing, which could lead to a diverticulum formation known as isthmucele or niche.Association between isthmucele with various gynecological and obstetric problems, such as uterine rupture, cesarean scar pregnancy, bleeding disorders, and infertility, has been reported by many authors. The number of cesarean sections is the main risk factor. Isthmucele is a growing surgical concern that needs attention in identifying, diagnosing, managing, and treating this problem. Currently, treatments include medical and surgical ap-proaches. Hysteroscopy as well as laparoscopy are used in the treatment. At this article we presented its symptoms, risk fac-tors, effects on future fertility, diagnostic modalities, and choice of medical or surgical treatments.