A Brief Comparison Between Embryonic, Adult and Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

سال انتشار: 1397
نوع سند: مقاله کنفرانسی
زبان: انگلیسی
مشاهده: 347

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شناسه ملی سند علمی:

CSUMSMED05_402

تاریخ نمایه سازی: 7 مهر 1398

چکیده مقاله:

Introduction:Nowadays, the importance and vast applications of stem cells is completely obvious. This review is an attempt to summarize and categorize the different types of them. These cells can be considered as a pivotal base in basic researches, cancer studies, and regenerative medicine also gene therapies.Methods:This review is prepared by searching key words in up-to-date journals with high impact factors and narrowing to more related ones.Results:Stem cells can be defined as unspecialized cells, capable of renewing thru cell division and differentiating into different cells types.They can be categorized to totipotent, pluripotent, and multipotent stem cells depending on reducing their potential of generating different cells. By their origin, stem cells are classified into embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and adult stem cells (ASCs). ESCs can be obtained from a 3 to 5-day old embryo, while ASCs can be extracted from various organs as adipose tissue, dental pulp, cord blood, amniotic fluids and bone marrow, the latter is a prominent source that two groups of hematopoietic and mesenchymal stem cells can be extracted of it. Another type of them is named induced pluripotent stem-cells (iPSCs) which are obtained by reprogramming adult cells to express defined set of embryonic stem-cell genes which are responsible for their specific characteristics as OCT4, SOX2, KLF4 and NANOG. Conclusions:In a brief comparison between stem-cells, ESCs shows more pluripotency and large number of them can be obtained by culturing, while the number of ASCs is more limited. As a disadvantage of ESCs in clinical trials, they can cause immune rejection due to HLA-DR expression, whilst ASCs show much better immune compatibility. Another benefit of ASCs is fewer ethical considerations compared to ESCs because obtaining ESCs is done by destroying or manipulating an embryo in its early stage. In spite of advantages of ASCs, evidences of exacerbating tumorigenic potential of cancerous cells or contributing increased recurrence risk of cancer are reported.To discuss about iPSCs, it can be a new solution to allograft transplant rejection problem but still some possibility of tumorigenicity, incomplete reprogramming and some other technical issues are considered.

کلیدواژه ها:

Embryonic Stem Cells ، Adult Stem Cells ، Somatic Stem Cells ، Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

نویسندگان

Samaneh Palizban

MSc Student of Human Genetics , Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran

Afsaneh Ghaedi

MSc Student of toxicology , Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran

Maral Deldar

MSc Student of medical immunology , Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran