Zr-based MOF as a Novel Nanoporous Catalyst for the Synthesis of Dihydropyrido [2,3-d]pyrimidines

As an emerging class of highly ordered crystalline porous materials, metal-organic frameworks(MOFs) with various potential applications have become a new research hotspot inchemistry and materials during the last few decades, which is mainly attributed to their exceptionallyhigh surface area, tunable pores, as well as intriguing functionalities [1]. Some advantagesof these porous materials are high surface area, and thermal stability of their chemicalstructure [2]. The improvement in the stability of MOFs can expand their applicable fields,and make them applicable on the other topics such as catalysis, adsorption and separation, andbiomedicine. Zirconium is widely distributed in nature and is found in all biological systems.The rich content and low toxicity of Zr further favor the development and application of Zr-MOFs. Hantzsch 1,4-dihydropyridines (1,4-DHP) are an important class of compounds withvital medicinal value which are used for the treatment of cardiovascular disease such as hypertensionand angina pectoris [3]. Indole nucleus is a prominent structural subunit present inmany naturally occurring compounds that possess significant pharmacological and biologicalproperties. A number of indole derivatives having heterocycles at the 3-position have beenobtained from nature with potential biological activity [4]. Herein, the nano Zr-based MOFsutilized as an efficient and reusable catalyst for the synthesis of a wide range of dihydropyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidine compounds (Figure 1).