Regulation of BAX/BCL2 gene expression in metastatic breast cancer by docetaxel –loaded human serum albumin nanoparticles

Introducion and aim : Cancer includes a range of diseases that arise as a result of the unregulated growth of malignant cells ,which have the potential to invade or spread to other body parts. Current cancer treatment options include surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy.Current problems in treating cancer include low specificity, rapid drug clearance and biodegradation, and limited targeting .Docetaxel are important anicancer drug of Taxan family which use to treat metastatic breast cancer. Methods :In this study, docetaxel (DTX)-loaded human serum albumin (HSA) nanoparticles (NPs) were prepared and characterized. MTT assay used for measured drug toxicity of the nanoparticles with different drug concentrations (0.01, 0.1, 0.5, 1 and 5 μM) at different incubation times (24, 48 and 72 h). Expression of BAX/BCL2 mRNA levels was determined by real-time PCR. The size of NPs prepared and used in our study was about 147 nm with surface charge of −29.6 mV. Results : Results obtained from MTT assay showed that 0.5 μM of free drug had 50 % toxicity on MCF-7 cells after 48-h incubation. Real-time PCR results showed no change for BCL2 and increase in expression of BAX gene. Concluion: In conclusion, a significant overexpression of BAX gene and changes in BAX/BCL2 ratio were observed for DTX-loaded HSA nanoparticles compared with free DTX and may provide a potential therapy to inhibit anticancer drug resistance.